Root planing is a deep-cleaning dental procedure used to treat gum disease by removing plaque and tartar from below the gumline. It smooths the root surfaces of teeth, making it harder for bacteria to reattach and easier for gums to heal. Often performed alongside scaling, root planing helps reduce inflammation, shrink periodontal pockets, and prevent further bone or tissue loss. Dentists or hygienists may use specialized instruments or ultrasonic devices to carry out the treatment. This procedure is essential for managing periodontitis, improving oral health, and preserving natural teeth, while also supporting healthier gums and a stronger foundation for the smile.